Reconstructive bias could have definitely affected the review since the subjects are asked to recall events that happened in the past. Therefore, due to this bias, their memories may not be entirely accurate. Attrition bias does only apply when you are surveying or testing subjects over a long perio...

As a member of the HPA Axis, the hypothalamus is responsible for coordinating the release of cortisol, epinephrin, and norepinephrine, which may all play a role in the onset of depression (cortisol being the major one). Additionally, the hypothalamus releases gonadotropin releasing hormone (GnRH), w...

18: I think that this is a good general principle to go by while taking exams. I hesitate to say that this is the best strategy in every case since there might be a question that subtly asks you to consider resonance structures. However, based off my personal experience, it seems like hybridization ...

From the first paragraph of the passage, we know that the enzyme catalyzes the hydrolysis of the peptide bond. The carbon that the question is referring to is therefore the C=O carbon that is part of the amide bond. In this initial state, carbon is in an sp2 state since it is double bonded to O and ...

114: We know that we are trying to find the cavity mode number. Looking through the passage, the equation that would help us find that is mλm = 2L. We have L, the length of the laser cavity, which is 1/3m (this was given in the question). Although we don't have wavelength, the question gives us freq...

Hi! I think all this sentence is trying to say is that thermal injury might occur if there is less heat loss occurring than is needed to maintain thermal equilibrium. For example, if heat loss is occurring but body temperature is still significantly above 37 degrees, then thermal equilibrium is not ...

Hey! The graph is a little confusing but bars are representative of how members of that group rated both men and women. As you phrased it, they are the responses from each group. Furthermore, keep in mind that there are no men in group 2. You can see from the passage that groups 2 and 4 are all fema...

Hey! It seems like the mistake you are making here is confusing the siRNA with the mRNA. As we know from the passage, siRNA is designed in order to bind and target mRNA. siRNA is not what is being transcribed from the gene, that would be the mRNA. With that, let's walk through the question. We know ...

Keep in mind that the passage also noted that SAgs led to decreased vascular resistance. Although blood pressure decreased, according to the equation, this change could be due to the drop in vascular resistance. Therefore, we cannot make any assumptions about blood flow.

The reason for why Interleukin-5 would be a huge confounding factor in answer choice B is because one of the experiments is trying to study the effect of NK cells on eosinophils. If IL-5 interfered with that, then introducing it could lead to the results not being interpretable. To address your poin...